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Arheoloog: Eesti 13. sajandi kalmistud on täis kristlikult maetud ülikuid

Arheoloog: Eesti 13. sajandi kalmistud on täis kristlikult maetud ülikuid

EN

Archaeologist: Estonian 13th century cemeteries are full of Christian burials of nobles

Ristiusustamise protsess Eestis oli sarnane Skandinaaviaga ja Euroopaga. Seni . Kuid , et see ei pruukinud nii olla.
Arheoloog Marika Mägi ütleb, et näitavad nii kui ka . Ta uuris rannikualade kalmistuid ja leidis, et seal maetud esemed pärinevad pigem 13. sajandist, mitte 12. sajandist.
Varem dateeriti ranniku-Eesti matused 12. sajandisse ja peeti neid paganlikeks. Kuid Mägi sõnul on need tegelikult . Ta leiab, et Eestis oli kirikuid rohkem, kui seni arvati.
Kirikuvõrgustik oli tihedam. Väikseid kirikuid oli palju ja need asusid sageli mõisate juures. Mägi ütleb, et , et näidata oma tähtsust.
Mägi leiab, et Eestis oli palju kristlikke kalmistuid, mis asusid mõisate lähedal. See viitab sellele, et kristlused oli levinud juba enne ristisõda. Ta arvab, et paljud ülikud võtsid ristiusu vastu juba sellel ajal.
Kuigi ristisõja-eelset Eestit ei saa täiesti kristlikuks nimetada, oli ristiusk seal laialt levinud. Mägi ütleb, et näitavad, et Eestis oli kristlasi juba enne ristisõda.
Mägi uuris ka Saaremaa kalmistuid ja leidis, et seal maetud inimesed ei olnud sugulased, vaid kuulusid samasse kogukonda. See erineb sise-Eesti matmispaikadest.
Kokkuvõttes leiab Mägi, et Eestis oli palju kristlikke kalmistuid ja ülikuid, kes võtsid ristiusu vastu juba enne ristisõda. Ta esitas oma uuringud Tartus.
The Christianization process in Estonia was similar to Scandinavia and Europe. Until now, it was believed that Christianization in Estonia occurred violently. But new research shows this may not have been the case.
Archaeologist Marika Mägi says that both archaeological finds and written sources demonstrate the presence of Christians in Estonia. She studied coastal area cemeteries and found that the buried items there date more from the 13th century than the 12th.
Previously, coastal Estonian burials were dated to the 12th century and considered pagan. But according to Mägi, they are actually earlier and may be Christian. She finds that there were more churches in Estonia than previously thought.
The church network was denser. There were many small churches, often located near manors. Mägi says wealthy people built churches near their manors to demonstrate their importance.
Mägi finds that there were many Christian cemeteries in Estonia located near manors. This suggests Christianity was already widespread before the Crusades. She believes many nobles had already adopted Christianity by that time.
Although pre-Crusade Estonia cannot be called entirely Christian, Christianity was widely spread there. Mägi says written sources show there were Christians in Estonia even before the Crusades.
Mägi also studied Saaremaa cemeteries and found that those buried there were not relatives but belonged to the same community. This differs from inland Estonian burial sites.
In conclusion, Mägi finds that there were many Christian cemeteries and nobles in Estonia who adopted Christianity before the Crusades. She presented her research at an international conference in Tartu.