In Europe, vegans, vegetarians, and meat reducers already make up 13–42% of the population. Therefore, the share of plant-based food is growing rapidly.
In 2020, plant-based alternative products were sold worldwide for $30 billion. By 2030, their sales could grow to $162 billion. The sales of plant-based milk alternatives are growing even faster.
Production is growing rapidly, but we do not have enough information about the quality and safety of these products. Estonian scientists are conducting a study to clarify this.
The study analyzes hundreds of alternative products sold in Estonia. Thousands of microbiological and chemical analyses are being performed. So far, the results are rather good.
Unexpectedly, many bacteria were found that have not previously been considered food hazards. Some bacteria can make people sick under certain conditions.
In addition, hospital bacteria resistant to antibiotics were found in alternative products. This is concerning because these antibiotics are used to treat severe infections.
The shelf life of alternative products may be too long. This could pose chemical hazards, such as malondialdehyde, which is potentially carcinogenic.
Certain alternative products should be heated before consumption. However, excessive heating can produce acrylamide, which is also potentially harmful.
Consumers should consume alternative products in moderation and diversify their diet. Additionally, they should monitor expiration dates and store food at the correct temperature.
This study provides consumers and producers with essential information about the safety and quality of alternative products.