In the USA, there is a discussion about banning Chinese drones for security reasons. In Estonia, they are also widely used. The USA has been trying to ban them since 2017.
CNN wrote that the US Department of Homeland Security warned: Chinese drones may send data to China. In 2020, the USA added a drone company to its blacklist.
The Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service also warns about the risks of Chinese technology. However, the Defense Forces and the Defense League still use Chinese drones. They are used in training to teach drone piloting.
The head of the Cyber Defense Unit of the Defense League, Andres Hairk, said that about 75% of the drones used in training are of Chinese origin. These drones are simple and cheap, and can be bought from any store.
The drones are called "flying video cameras". They are used, for example, to film from above and show how soldiers have hidden themselves.
The drones of the Defense Forces and the Defense League have no internet access. They are different from the drones sold in stores. The drones are modified before use so that they cannot transmit data.
The drones come to the Defense League through an Estonian company. There are no direct contracts with China. The company modifies both the software and hardware to make the drones secure.
The drones are only flown in Estonian airspace and in specific locations. However, the security risk cannot be completely eliminated. The Defense Forces consult with other institutions to reduce risks.
The Information System Authority of Estonia says that the threat from Chinese drones is real, but there is no evidence that they are used for espionage. Hairk says it is not known whether the drones have sent data anywhere.
Chinese drones can also be used during war if needed. Currently, however, they are mainly used in training. In the future, drones from other countries may be used.
Price is a major reason why Chinese drones are used. Western drones are three times more expensive. For example, a French drone costs 20,000 euros, while a Chinese one costs 7,000 euros.
The head of the Defense Forces says that young people are already familiar with Chinese drones. They are cheap and reliable. Since drones often break, there is no point in buying expensive ones.
Even parts of Western drones come from China. Motors are often made in China. The Defense Forces need quick delivery, which Chinese drones provide.
There is hope that in the future, Estonian companies will produce more drones. Currently, the Defense Forces also use some drones made in Estonia. However, Chinese drones dominate the market.
Until Western and Estonian manufacturers offer affordable alternatives, Chinese drones will remain in use. Just like with electric cars, Chinese goods are cheap and popular.